Compare Swaziland (2002) - Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)

Compare Swaziland (2002) z Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)

	Swaziland (2002)	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)

Administrative divisions	4 districts; Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Age structure	0-14 years: 45.5% (male 254,573; female 256,677) 15-64 years: 51.9% (male 281,645; female 301,071) 65 years and over: 2.6% (male 12,027; female 17,612) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%
Agriculture - products	sugarcane, cotton, corn, tobacco, rice, citrus, pineapples, sorghum, peanuts; cattle, goats, sheep	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products
Airports	18 (2001)	5 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 17 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 10 (2002)	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002)
Area	total: 17,363 sq km land: 17,203 sq km water: 160 sq km	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than New Jersey	slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background	Autonomy for the Swazis of southern Africa was guaranteed by the British in the late 19th century; independence was granted 1968. Student and labor unrest during the 1990s have pressured the monarchy (one of the oldest on the continent) to grudgingly allow political reform and greater democracy.	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.
Birth rate	39.59 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	NA births/1,000 population
Budget	revenues: $448 million expenditures: $506.9 million, including capital expenditures of $147 million (FY01/02 )	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)
Capital	Mbabane; note - Lobamba is the royal and legislative capital	Stanley
Climate	varies from tropical to near temperate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	1,288 km
Constitution	none; constitution of 6 September 1968 was suspended 12 April 1973; a new constitution was promulgated 13 October 1978, but was not formally presented to the people; since then a few more outlines for a constitution have been compiled under the Constitutional Review Commission (CRC), but so far none have been accepted	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998
Country name	conventional long form: Kingdom of Swaziland conventional short form: Swaziland	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Currency	lilangeni (SZL)	Falkland pound (FKP)
Death rate	23.26 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	$336 million (2001 est.)	$NA
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador James D. McGEE embassy: Central Bank Building, Warner Street, Mbabane mailing address: P. O. Box 199, Mbabane telephone: [268] 404-6441 through 404-6445 FAX: [268] 404-5959	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Madzandza KANYA chancery: 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 362-6683 FAX: [1] (202) 244-8059	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	Swaziland continues to press South Africa into ceding ethnic Swazi lands in Kangwane region of KwaZulu-Natal province that were long ago part of the Swazi Kingdom	claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force
Economic aid - recipient	$104 million (2001)	none
Economy - overview	In this small landlocked economy, subsistence agriculture occupies more than 80% of the population. Manufacturing features a number of agroprocessing factories. Mining has declined in importance in recent years: diamond mines have shut down because of the depletion of easily accessible reserves; high-grade iron ore deposits were depleted by 1978; and health concerns have cut world demand for asbestos. Exports of soft drink concentrate, sugar, and wood pulp are the main earners of hard currency. Surrounded by South Africa, except for a short border with Mozambique, Swaziland is heavily dependent on South Africa from which it receives nine-tenths of its imports and to which it sends more than two-thirds of its exports. Remittances from the Southern African Customs Union and Swazi workers in South African mines substantially supplement domestically earned income. The government is trying to improve the atmosphere for foreign investment. Overgrazing, soil depletion, drought, and sometimes floods persist as problems for the future. Prospects for 2002 are strengthened by the country's status as a beneficiary of the US African Growth and Opportunity Act initiative.	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.
Electricity - consumption	900.66 million kWh (2000)	15.19 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	564 million kWh note: supplied by South Africa (2000)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	362 million kWh (2000)	16.33 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 56% hydro: 44% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Great Usutu River 21 m highest point: Emlembe 1,862 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
Environment - current issues	limited supplies of potable water; wildlife populations being depleted because of excessive hunting; overgrazing; soil degradation; soil erosion	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Desertification, Law of the Sea	-
Ethnic groups	African 97%, European 3%	British
Exchange rates	emalangeni per US dollar - 11.5808 (January 2002), 8.4933 (2001), 6.9056 (2000), 6.1087 (1999), 5.4807 (1998), 4.6032 (1997); note - the Swazi lilangeni is at par with the South African rand; emalangeni is the plural form of lilangeni	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	chief of state: King MSWATI III (since 25 April 1986) head of government: Prime Minister Sibusiso Barnabas DLAMINI (since 9 August 1996) cabinet: Cabinet recommended by the prime minister and confirmed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
Exports	$702 million f.o.b. (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	soft drink concentrates, sugar, wood pulp, cotton yarn, refrigerators, citrus and canned fruit	wool, hides, meat
Exports - partners	South Africa 72%, EU 12%, UK 6%, Mozambique 4%, US 4% (1999)	Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red band is edged in yellow; centered in the red band is a large black and white shield covering two spears and a staff decorated with feather tassels, all placed horizontally	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT
GDP	purchasing power parity - $4.6 billion (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 10% industry: 43% services: 47% (1999 est.)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $4,200 (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	2.5% (2001 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	26 30 S, 31 30 E	51 45 S, 59 00 W
Geography - note	landlocked; almost completely surrounded by South Africa	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season
Highways	total: 3,800 km paved: 1,064 km unpaved: 2,736 km (2002)	total: 440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$850 million f.o.b. (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	motor vehicles, machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing
Imports - partners	South Africa 89%, EU 5%, Japan 2%, Singapore 2% (2000)	UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002)
Independence	6 September 1968 (from UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Industrial production growth rate	3.7% (FY95/96)	NA%
Industries	mining (coal), wood pulp, sugar, soft drink concentrates, textile and apparel	fish and wool processing; tourism
Infant mortality rate	109.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	total: NA% male: NA% female: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	7.5% (2001 est.)	3.6% (1998)
International organization participation	ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO	ICFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	6 (2001)	2 (2000)
Irrigated land	690 sq km (1998 est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	High Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts are appointed by the monarch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction
Labor force	NA	1,100 (est.)
Labor force - by occupation	NA	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)
Land boundaries	total: 535 km border countries: Mozambique 105 km, South Africa 430 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 9.77% permanent crops: 0.7% other: 89.53% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)
Languages	English (official, government business conducted in English), siSwati (official)	English
Legal system	based on South African Roman-Dutch law in statutory courts and Swazi traditional law and custom in traditional courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	English common law
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament or Libandla, an advisory body, consists of the Senate (30 seats - 10 appointed by the House of Assembly and 20 appointed by the monarch; members serve five-year terms) and the House of Assembly (65 seats - 10 appointed by the monarch and 55 elected by popular vote; members serve five-year terms) elections: House of Assembly - last held 16 and 24 October 1998 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: House of Assembly - balloting is done on a nonparty basis; candidates for election are nominated by the local council of each constituency and for each constituency the three candidates with the most votes in the first round of voting are narrowed to a single winner by a second round	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 37 years male: 36.35 years female: 37.66 years (2002 est.)	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 78.3% male: 78% female: 78.4% (1999 est.)	-
Location	Southern Africa, between Mozambique and South Africa	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina
Map references	Africa	South America
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	Umbutfo Swaziland Defense Force (Army), Royal Swaziland Police Force	British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$20 million (FY01/02)	$NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	4.75% (FY00/01)	NA%
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 253,510 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 146,805 (2002 est.)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 6 September (1968)	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality	noun: Swazi(s) adjective: Swazi	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island
Natural hazards	drought	strong winds persist throughout the year
Natural resources	asbestos, coal, clay, cassiterite, hydropower, forests, small gold and diamond deposits, quarry stone, and talc	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders	political parties are banned by the constitution - the following are considered political associations - Imbokodvo National Movement or INM [leader NA]; Ngwane National Libertatory Congress or NNLC [Obed DLAMINI, president]; People's United Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mario MASUKU, president]; Swaziland National Front or SWANAFRO [Elmond SHONGWE, president]	none; all independents
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	1,123,605 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)	2,967 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	1.63% (2002 est.)	2.44% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	none	Stanley note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988
Radio broadcast stations	AM 3, FM 2 plus 4 repeaters, shortwave 3 (2001)	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	170,000 (1999)	-
Railways	total: 297 km narrow gauge: 297 km 1.067-m gauge note: includes 71 km which are not in use (2001)	0 km
Religions	Zionist (a blend of Christianity and indigenous ancestral worship) 40%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 10%, Anglican, Bahai, Methodist, Mormon, Jewish and other 30%	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: a somewhat modern but not an advanced system domestic: system consists of carrier-equipped, open-wire lines and low-capacity, microwave radio relay international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
Telephones - main lines in use	38,500 (2001)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	45,000 (2001)	NA
Television broadcast stations	5 plus 7 relay stations (2001)	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)
Terrain	mostly mountains and hills; some moderately sloping plains	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains
Total fertility rate	5.77 children born/woman (2002 est.)	NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate	34% (2000 est.)	full employment; labor shortage
Waterways	none	none

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